Magnetic Field Effects on Second-Grade Non-Newtonian Ferrofluids Flow Over Stretching Surfaces

Abstract

The current article aims to investigate how the flow of ferromagnetic non-Newtonian fluid is affected by elastic deformation when an external magnetic field is present on a stretching sheet. To achieve this target, we have converted the governing Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) into Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) by using suitable similarity transformations. The role of pertinent flow parameters like second-grade fluid parameters, the coefficient of elastic deformation, Prandtl number, and viscoelastic parameters on velocity, pressure, and temperature profiles are drawn pictorially and discussed in detail. Computations for skin friction number and local Nusselt number are also discussed graphically. Some highlights of the findings in terms of the influences of different parameters on velocity, temperature, and pressure profiles are given, and concluded that by raising the values of the second-grade parameter (K) and Ferrohydrodynamic interaction parameter (β) the velocity profiles raise. The velocity profile decreases by increasing the value of the Prandtl number Pr.  Increasing the Prandtl number results in a significant decrease in temperature profiles. Also, the pressure increases with higher values of β and Pr. The findings from this research could be utilized in the development of advanced cooling systems for electronics, as well as optimization of processing magnetic materials in which better efficiency and quality of products can be reached by controlling the flow of ferromagnetic fluid under magnetic fields.